多環芳烴對納米塑料的吸附和特洛伊木馬效應作為斑馬魚線粒體毒性和多環芳烴定位的驅動因素

塑料是全球性的汙染物，對野生動物和人類健康構成潛在威脅。小的塑料顆粒，如微塑料和納米塑料，很容易被攝入，可以作為一個特洛伊木馬，攜帶微生物和汙染物。本研究調查了特洛伊木馬效應在納米塑料對脊椎動物模型生物斑馬魚(Danio rerio)毒性中的潛在作用。首先，我們研究了這種效應是否會影響納米塑料的毒性。其次，我們分析了它是否有助於相關汙染物的生物分布。第三，我們關注它對納米塑料線粒體毒性的影響。我們將44納米聚苯乙烯納米顆粒與真實的多環芳烴(PAHs)混合物培養7天，並通過超濾去除遊離的PAHs。我們在胚胎中加入了1ppm的納米塑料(NanoPS)或pah吸附的納米塑料(PAH-NanoPS)。這兩種塑料顆粒都不會對胚胎和幼蟲的發育造成影響。熒光顯微鏡和增加的EROD活性表明暴露於多環芳烴納米ops的幼蟲吸收了多環芳烴。 This coincided with higher concentrations in the yolk sac and the brain. However, PAH-only exposure leads to their accumulation in the yolk sac but not in the brain, suggesting that that the spatial distribution of bioaccumulated PAHs can differ depending on their source of exposure. Both nanoplastic particles affected mitochondrial energy metabolism but caused different adverse effects. While NanoPS decreased NADH production, PAH-NanoPS decreased mitochondrial coupling efficiency and spare respiratory capacity. In summary, the addition of PAHs to the surface of nanoplastics did not translate into increased developmental toxicity. Low levels of PAHs were accumulated in the organisms, and the transfer of PAHs seems to happen in tissues and possibly organelles where nanoplastics accumulate. Disruption of the energy metabolism in the mitochondria may be a key factor in the toxicity of nanoplastics, and the Trojan Horse effect may amplify this effect.